نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه موسیقی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
2 گروه موسیقی، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Purpose: The main purpose of the essay is to study the symbolic role of time and place in Qaderi and Naqshbandi Tariqats. They are from several Islamic mystical approaches that could maintain their continuity in Kurdistan to the current time. Using music in holding the ceremonies and collective sema and dhikr are their main characteristics. The coincidence of these elements causes spiritual changes in some of the morids which is called Jazbe. Even though jazbe is short and it does not take longer than half an hour, it is accompanied by continuous screams of the morids and their movements of the head and upper body. Using Daf, Tas, Dou-Tapla, and Shimshal in khaniqas accompanied by a collection of intellectual, believable, and historic actions. So it seems necessary to study the popular musical instruments in them which include those musical instruments that were previously used in Kurdistan. To do that the essay first focused on the identification of the musical instruments and the categorization of their hidden meanings in different rituals. Using musical instruments in holding some of the ceremonies, the special form of sema and group dhikr and their combination with special time positions, presented the essay with the question of what meanings the use of these instruments and different temporal and spatial adumbration have in tariqats and what are they referring to? This essay is going to show how an Islamic discourse lays its ideology on a mythical framework and how it continues its cultural maintenance over consecutive years.
Methodology: This essay uses a qualitative case-study approach and an analytical descriptive method to gain its goals. It is also a library and field research. The essay uses the theory of Mircea Eliade on the sacred and the profane entity to answer the questions already mentioned. It tries to find the symbolic aspects of the musical instruments and figurative features of dhikr majlis and sema. In his school of thought it is supposed that the binary of sacred/profane essence exists in the whole world and its components. And because this binary is more important for religious people, the essay uses it to investigate its data.
Findings: The results show that time and place in Kurdistan’s khaniqas are the symbolic representation of mythical time and place in ancient times. It can be said that Kurdistan’s Tariqat facilitates the passage from sacred to profane by breaking the time and place in different rituals. The symbolic representation of time and place is divulged in diverse forms. The reflection of the sacred form of the circle is seen in the instrument’s forms as well as in the circular structure of sema and dhikr. The mythical aspects are revealed in the symbolic playing of the instruments and the regular holding of the rituals, too.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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